A “people’s tribunal” set up to assess whether China’s alleged rights abuses against the Uighur people constitute genocide has opened in London.
Chairman Geoffrey Nice said more than three dozen witnesses would make “grave” allegations against Chinese authorities during four days of hearings.
The tribunal does not have UK Government backing and has no powers to sanction or punish China. But organisers hope the process of publicly laying out evidence will compel international action to tackle alleged abuses against the Uighurs, a largely Muslim ethnic group.
Mr Nice, a British barrister who led the prosecution of ex-Serbian president Slobodan Milosevic and has worked with the International Criminal Court, said the forum would create “a permanent body of evidence and a record, if found, of crimes perpetrated”.
The tribunal is the latest attempt to hold China accountable for alleged rights abuses against the Uighurs and other predominantly Muslim and ethnic Turkic minorities.
An estimated 1 million people or more – most of them Uighurs – have been confined in re-education camps in China’s western Xinjiang region in recent years, according to researchers.
Chinese authorities have been accused of imposing forced labour, systematic forced birth control and torture, and separating children from incarcerated parents.
Humiliated
The first witness to give evidence, teacher Qelbinur Sidik, said guards routinely humiliated inmates at a camp for men in Xinjiang where she taught Mandarin-language classes in 2016.
“Guards in the camp did not treat the prisoners as human beings. They were treated less than dogs,” she said through an interpreter.
“The things that I have witnessed and experienced, I can’t forget,” she said.
Tribunal witnesses who spoke to The Associated Press before the hearings include a woman who said she was forced into an abortion at six-and-a-half months pregnant, a former doctor who spoke of draconian birth control policies, and a former detainee who alleged he was “tortured day and night” by Chinese soldiers while he was imprisoned in the remote border region.
Beijing flatly rejects the allegations. Officials have characterised the camps, which they say are now closed, as vocational training centres to teach Chinese language, job skills and the law to support economic development and combat extremism. China saw a wave of Xinjiang-related terror attacks through 2016.
Mr Nice said China had been asked to participate but its embassy “has neither acknowledged nor replied to letters sent”.
The Chinese Embassy in London did not respond to requests for comment, but officials in China have said the tribunal was set up by “anti-China forces” to spread lies.
Western governments, including the UK, have also declined to get involved, Mr Nice said.
The tribunal plans to hold another four days of hearings in September, and hopes to issue its judgment by the end of the year.
Related: Shocking drone footage shows Uighurs being blindfolded and herded on to trains
